Unit 11 Animation FINAL.

Unit 11 Animation


Zoetrope:

The Zoetrope was invented by William George Horner in 1834. zoetrope was an early form of motion picture projector that consisted of a drum containing a set of still images, that was turned in a circular fashion in order to create the illusion of motion. When you place a strip of drawings inside the zoetrope's drum when you spin it people can see through the slots, the image will look that really comes to life. This illusion depends on two things the persistence of vision and the phi phenomenon.

Phenakistoscope:

Phenakistoscope was invented by Joseph Plateau which was introduced in 1832. just like other toys, the Phenakistoscope was one of the more successful illusion toys. Pictures on one disc viewed through slots in the other, appeared to move when the two were spun and viewed in a mirror.

Praxinoscope:

The Praxinoscope was a picture toy and an exhibition devices Patented in 1877, the Praxinoscope was the result of work carried out by Frenchman Emile Reynaud. In essence, the Praxinoscope was an adaptation of Horner’s Zoetrope which at the time had become extremely popular.

Cinematographe:

The Lumière brothers were French inventors and pioneer of making the first photographic equipment which also invented the early motion-picture camera and projector called the Cinématographe. The Lumière Brothers were popular for making the first film to be broadcasted which most people have known as "The Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat”. During the audience were said to be scared and expected the train to come out of the screen.

The Types Of Animation occasionally used:

- 2D Animation 
  Got this from animation gif website. https://giphy.com/search/2d-animation

 3D Animation:  https://giphy.com/search/2d-animation

- Character Animation:  https://giphy.com/search/3d-animation

- Chuckimation:  https://gifsoup.com/search/chuckimation

- Multi-sketching: https://giphy.com/search/multi-sketching

- Special effects animation:  https://giphy.com/search/Special-effect-animation

- Animatronics:  https://giphy.com/search/animatronics

- Stop motion: https://giphy.com/search/stop-motion 

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Toy Story:

Toy Story was a film made on November 22, 1995, directed by John 

Lasseter and was produced by Ralph Guggenheim and Bonnie Arnold. The storyline is about a toy cowboy called Woody who is a leader of a group of toys who live in a 10-year-old kid room. The toys come to life when there is no human around especially Andy the owner. during his birthday he received a new toy and every toy is impressed which is making Woody jealous.

Pixar:

Pixar production creates their animated films using digital Technology which works in different steps.
when John Lasseter was making toy story the first step he did when making an animated film 
was to draw the ideas down and then animate them then adding much more description to the whole 
set then adding more detail and then the lighting to really bring it to life and then checking if there is 
nothing missing or not complete or out of place and then he animated the sequence which then will 
have the voice overs.                                                                                        

One of Pixar’s latest film was Brave is the first film to use the new Dolby Atmos sound system. 
which the company hope is the future of the cinema with new surround sound will make everything 
sound clearer and more effective.

The history of clay animation began back in 1897. Clay animation has a link with stop-motion
animation as it has several photos. Clay animation has evolved over time and now includes the use of
add-ons which can include wooden heads, replacement limbs, clothes, and painting. In addition to
Clay animation there are many other forms of stop action and computer generated imagery (CGI).

BALL ANIMATION

I Set up a file as below in Photoshop. The size was 788 pixels by 576 pixels. I worked on a transparent layer.

I drew a small round ball. I use the brush tool and draw out an ellipse using the elliptical marquee tool, I was holding down the option button to create a circular selection Then filled it with the color.

I duplicate the layer on the Layers Panel. by Pressing Command + J on the keyboard.

The duplicated object will be directly over the original. So I moved it slightly with the move tool.
I was using the Transform Tool, I squash the shape slightly. to look like something like the one below.

I then duplicated the squashed layer and then edited the shape a little more. This will be used when the ball hits the ground.

I opened the Timeline and selected Create Frame Animation

I turned off the two layers containing the squashed balls.

I moved the ball to the top of the page.

I add a New Frame by pressing the create new frame icon on the Timeline. It is the icon next to the dustbin.

Music video: 

The use of animation is in many music videos, even sometimes they are combined with live action. Stop frame animation 

E.g: • End Love by OK Go (2010)   • Her Morning by Elegance by Oren  (2009)       
      
 Pixilation 
       These two music videos use Pixilation is a type of stop-motion technique where physical actors are used as a frame-by-frame animation in an animated film, by perpetually posing while one or more frame is taken and changing pose remotely before the next frame or frames.     

  
Television programs
       Television programs distribute cartoons mostly aimed at children which are a staple of television programming. Some cartoons are aimed at adults which have also become popular such as South Park and Family Guy. Most animation is made by computer as it is quicker and less expensive that animating by hand
For children, an example of 2D computer generated animation is Ben 10 from Cartoon Network (2008)

PURPOSES OF ANIMATION

       -  Entertainment
-  Education
-  Simulations
-  Mobile Applications
       -  Marketing

       ENTERTAINMENT 
       In entertainment, animation on televisions can be used for educational purposes. By demonstrating something to eh class visually, it can help some people to learn and understand it.     
       
       Educational Programmes
       Films and documentaries can be shown in education, and all can consist of animation techniques. An animation in gaming can be used for educational because as many companies have now set up computer games that are designed to help children learn.
 
Walt Disney

Walt Disney changed animation forever through the ways in which he made it better

The arts of animation. Disney matched the sound and music with cartoons that he created

and was one of the first animators to progress in colour animation. Through his years of
success, he found other areas of improvement Disney has not only changed animation
through his technological improvements but through his by the institution of the pencil test 

as well as the multi-plane camera just to name a few. Walt characters as well.

Unit 11 Animation (THC ADVERT) Final